Meperidine HCl
A to Z Drug Facts
Meperidine HCl |
(meh-PEHR-ih-deen HIGH-droe-KLOR-ide) |
Demerol HCl |
Class: Narcotic analgesic |
Action Relieves pain by stimulating opiate receptors in CNS; also causes respiratory depression, peripheral vasodilation, inhibition of intestinal peristalsis, sphincter of Oddi spasm, stimulation of chemoreceptors that cause vomiting and increased bladder tone.
Oral and parenteral: Relief of moderate-to-severe pain. Parenteral: Preoperative sedation; support of anesthesia; obstetrical analgesia.
Contraindications Upper airway obstruction; acute asthma; diarrhea due to poisoning or toxins; patients who are receiving or have received MAO inhibitor within last 14 days.
Pain
ADULTS: IM/SC/PO 50 to 150 mg q 3 to 4 hr prn. If IV administration is required, reduce dose and administer slowly. CHILDREN: IM/SC/PO 1 to 1.8 mg/kg (up to adult dose) q 3 to 4 hr prn.
Preoperative Sedation
ADULTS: IM/SC 50 to 100 mg 30 to 90 min before anesthetic. CHILDREN: IM/SC 1 to 2 mg/kg (0.5 to 1 mg/lb), up to adult dose, 30 to 90 min before beginning anesthsia.
Support of Anesthesia
ADULTS: IV Repeated doses diluted to 10 mg/ml by slow injection or by continuous infusion diluted to 1 mg/ml.
Obstetrical Analgesia
ADULTS: IM/SC 50 to 100 mg q 1 to 3 hr prn when pains become regular.
CNS depressants (eg, tranquilizers, sedatives, alcohol): Additive CNS depression. Cimetidine: Monitor for increased respiratory and CNS depression. Hydantoins: Hydantoins may decrease the pharmacologic effects of meperidine, possibly because of increased hepatic metabolism of the narcotic. MAO inhibitors, furazolidone: Potentially fatal reactions can occur if meperidine is used in patients within 14 days of receiving MAO inhibitor or furazolidone. Phenothiazines: Excessive sedation and hypotension. INCOMPATIBILITIES: Do not co-infuse with solutions of soluble barbiturates, aminophylline, heparin, morphine, methicillin, phenytoin, sodium bicarbonate, iodine, sulfadiazine and sulfisoxazole.
Lab Test Interferences Increased amylase and lipase may occur up to 24 hr after dose.
CV: Hypotension; orthostatic hypotension; bradycardia; tachycardia. CNS: Lightheadedness; dizziness; sedation; disorientation; incoordination; eizures. DERM: Sweating; pruritus; urticaria. GI: Nausea; vomiting; constipation; abdominal pain. GU: Urinary retention or hesitancy. RESP: Respiratory depression; laryngospasm; depression of cough reflex.
Pregnancy: Pregnancy category undetermined. Safety not established. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Special risk patients: Use with caution in patients with myxedema, acute alcoholism, acute abdominal conditions, ulcerative colitis, decreased respiratory reserve, head injury or increased intracranial pressure, hypoxia, supraventricular tachycardia, depleted blood volume, circulatory shock or renal dysfunction. Drug dependence: Tolerance and psychological and physical dependence may occur with chronic use. Hepatic or renal impairment: Dosage reduction may be necessary. Neurotoxicity: Can cause dysphoria, hallucinations and seizures in patients with renal impairment or with chronic high-dose therapy. Sulfite sensitivity: Some parenteral products contain sulfites; may cause allergic-type reactions in susceptible individuals.
PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS |
|
|
Books@Ovid
Copyright © 2003 Facts and Comparisons
David S. Tatro
A to Z Drug Facts